Power Sharing Class 10th Notes

Class 10th Power Sharing Notes

Topics covered in the notes

·        Definition of Power sharing

·       All About Belgium

·       All About Sri Lanka

·       Prudential and moral reason

·       Types of Power sharing

·       Pressure groups in India

·       Major keywords

 Class 10th Power Sharing Notes

Power Sharing

Power sharing is a distribution of power among the organs of the government like legislature, executive and judiciary beside power sharing also include sharing at different level like central, state and local level.

All about Belgium

In Brussels, 80% were French, 20% of people were Dutch.

·       59% Dutch Speaking = Flemish region

·       40% French Speaking = Live in Wallonia region

Reason of tension in Belgium

1.    French community was relatively rich and powerful than Dutch community.

2.    Dutch community was in majority in the whole country but minority in the capital.

STEPS TAKEN

1.     Constitution clearly defines that, in central government French and Dutch speaking minister should be the same in number.

2.    Special laws required support from both the groups. One group cannot take decision.

3.    State Government....

4.    Brussels also had equal representation of both the group.

5.    Community Government

Accommodation in Belgium

1.    A Violent conflict occurs between both groups. The situation was like a war that time.

2.    The Belgium leaders took a different path.

3.    They recognized the presence of differences in social and cultural diversities.

4.    In 1970- 1993 Belgium govt amended their constitution 4 times so as to work out an arrangement that would enable everyone to live together within the same country.

Elements of Belgium model

1.    The number of Dutch and French speaking minister/people - equal in the central government.

2.    The requirement of special law was to support of members who are in majority from each linguistic group.

3.    Many power of the central government have been given to state government.

4.    In Brussels there is a separate government through which both the communities can enjoy equal representation in any representation.

5.    Earlier, there was two level of government; Central and state government but third level also introduce called Local level.

 

All about Sri Lanka

·        Sinhala speakers (Buddhist) :- 74%

·        Tamil (Hindu + Muslims) :- 18%

·        Both (Christian) :- 7%

Problems in Sri Lanka

1.    1956, act was passed by government which made Sinhala the official of Sri Lanka.

2.    Government favoured Sinhala speakers in jobs and admission.

3.    New constitution started that government shall protect and support Buddhism.

Impacts on Tamil

1.    It increased the feeling of alienation.

2.    They felt the government and major parties don’t care about their language and culture.

3.    They felt that government and constitution denied then right to EQUALITY.

Reaction of Tamil and its result

1.    Launched strike for equality...

2.    Their demand for autonomy and equality were denied.

3.    Separate country...

4.    Civil war occur

Prudential reason: -   Prudential reason means that sharing of power will be good.

Moral reason: - Moral reason emphasizes the very act of power sharing is valuable.

 

Types of Power Sharing

 

1.     Distribution of power (Horizontally): - Power is shared among various organs of government, like legislature, executive and judiciary. Example:- India

2.    Federal government: - Power can be shared among government at various levels such as a one government for the whole country and also government at the regional level. Example:- USA

3.    Power may also be distribute among various social groups like religious group.  For Example: - Community government in Belgium.

4.    We can also seen power sharing in political parties, pressure group and movements control or influence those who are in power.

Pressure Group in India

There are ten Pressure group

·        Business group

·        Trade union

·        Agrarian group

·        Professional Association

·        Student organization

·        Religious organization

·        Caste group

·        Tribal organization

·        Linguistic group

·        Ideology based group

IMPORTANT KEYWORD

 

Sovereign: - India is never dependent upon anyone or dominant any country, India is an independent country.

Socialist: - India brand of socialism is a democratic socialism and not a communist socialism- the nationalism of all means of production and distribute and all the abolition of private property.

Secular: - All religion in our country has the same status and support from the state.

Liberty: - The absence of restraints on the activities of individual.

Fraternity: - Sense of brotherhood.

Pressure groups: - A pressure group is a type of group where people are participated and they actively promote their common interest.

Ethnic: - A Society is divided on the basis of common and shared culture.

Hope it helps!